Huge Study Finds Tomosynthesis Better at Breast Cancer Detection
Researchers advise women to seek sites routinely offering DBT screening
In a study of over a million women, digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) showed improved breast cancer screening outcomes over screening with standard digital mammography alone. The results of the study were published in Radiology.
While breast cancer mortality has been on the decline since the late 1980s due to improvements in early detection and treatment, it remains the leading cause of cancer death among women.
The five-year relative survival rate of breast cancer when it is detected early in its localized stage is 99%, according to the American Cancer Society. Regular screening is the most reliable method for early detection.
Screening with two-dimensional (2D) digital mammography alone is still the standard of care at many sites, but it has its limitations due to its inability to detect some cancers. There is growing evidence that DBT has a higher breast cancer detection rate due to its ability to capture multiple X-ray images of the breast from different angles rather than the typical single image obtained with a standard 2D mammogram. DBT is especially beneficial for women with denser breast tissue.
“The purpose of our study was to evaluate screening outcomes among a large cohort of women in the United States who were screened with either 2D digital mammography alone or with DBT,” said study co-author Emily F. Conant, MD, FSBI, professor of radiology and chief in the Division of Breast Imaging at the Hospital at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
Images in a 47-year-old woman who presented for routine screening. (A) Craniocaudal digital mammogram shows scattered fibroglandular densities. On the left digital mammographic craniocaudal view laterally, an asymmetry (arrow) is present. (B) Left craniocaudal digital breast tomosynthesis image shows no suspicious lesion but rather a superimposition of normal fibroglandular and ligamentous structures. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.221571 © RSNA 2023
Lower Rate of False Positives, Recalls Shown
For this retrospective cohort study, Dr. Conant and colleagues compiled data from five large health care systems across the U.S. The study group consisted of over 1 million women aged 40 to 79 who were screened with either DBT or 2D digital mammography alone between January 2014 and December 2020. The screening outcomes such as cancer detection and false positive rates were compared across the two screening groups.
“This study was extremely large with most women having at least two screens resulting in over 2 million screening exams across five large and diverse health care systems,” Dr. Conant said.
Compared to 2D digital mammography alone, DBT was associated with important improvements in screening outcomes. The cancer detection rate for patients screened with DBT was higher at 5.3 per 1,000 screened, compared to 4.5 per 1,000 screened with 2D digital mammography only. DBT also had a lower rate of false positives and recalls from screening.
“We showed that the most important mammographic screening outcomes, increased cancer detection combined with fewer false positives, were significantly improved when women were screened with digital breast tomosynthesis compared to 2D digital mammography alone,” Dr. Conant said. “Therefore, women should seek out sites that routinely offer breast cancer screening with DBT.”
For More Information
Access the Radiology article, “Mammographic Screening in Routine Practice: Multisite Study of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis and Digital Mammography Screenings.”
Access previous RSNA News stories on breast cancer screening: